Allah sent every Prophet and Messenger from Adam (A.S.) onward with one singular purpose: to establish Tawheed (Oneness of God) and His divinely revealed system of life—the Deen—among their respective nations.
But the last Messenger (S.A.W.) was sent not just for one nation, but to establish this Deen across all of humanity (Surah Fath: 28, Surah Tawbah: 33, Surah Saff: 9). The responsibility given to the final Prophet (S.A.W.) was so immense that it could not be fulfilled within a single lifetime. Therefore, he created a nation called the Ummah of Muhammad.
He clearly explained to this Ummah that after his departure, they must continue the same struggle that he undertook to establish the Deen in all of Arabia—eradicating injustice, oppression, and unrest.
He called this “my Sunnah”—his lifelong example—and further declared that those who abandon this Sunnah are not of him, meaning they are not truly his Ummah. Naturally, if a nation forsakes the very responsibility for which it was created, how can it still claim to be his Ummah?
The first adult male to accept Islam by recognizing the Prophet (S.A.W.) as the Messenger of Allah was Abu Bakr (R.A.). Upon accepting Islam, he immediately asked the Prophet, “O Messenger of Allah! What is now my duty?” The Prophet replied, “From now on, your duty is the same as mine.” What was that duty?
It was the single mission entrusted to him by Allah: to abolish all false systems and establish the final Deen over all aspects of life.
History testifies that from the moment Abu Bakr (R.A.) embraced Islam until his last breath, his life’s mission was to assist the Prophet (S.A.W.) in this struggle. Not just him, but all who accepted the Prophet (S.A.W.) as the Messenger of Allah took on this same
responsibility.
And what a struggle it was! They abandoned their wives, children, homes, wealth, and businesses; they endured starvation, brutal torture, ate leaves to survive during expeditions, and ultimately gave their lives on the battlefield. This is what it means to follow the true Sunnah.
The definition of Ummah given here is supported by the actions of the Sahabah (Companions) of the Prophet (S.A.W.). For 60 to 70 years after his death, they continued his mission, expanding the struggle beyond Arabia and establishing the Deen across large parts of the world, bringing peace and justice to humanity. If this definition is incorrect, then there are only two alternative explanations for their actions:
They converted people by force.
If this were true, it would contradict Allah’s own command: “There is no compulsion in religion” (Surah Baqarah: 256). This would imply—God forbid—that neither the Prophet (S.A.W.) nor his companions understood or accepted this verse.
They pursued imperialism for greed, like Alexander or Tamerlane.
Again, this is false. So what then motivated every able-bodied man of an entire nation to sacrifice everything for years in war? Only one thing: to eliminate injustice and oppression from human life and establish justice and peace—the core of the Prophet’s (S.A.W.) true Sunnah.
A crucial hadith says:
"A time will come when my Ummah will follow the path of the Bani Isra'il in every respect—even if they were to openly commit incest with their mothers, members of my Ummah will do the same. The Bani Isra'il split into seventy-two sects; my Ummah will split into seventy-three. All but one will be thrown into the Fire.”
When asked which group would be saved, he replied:
“Those who follow the path that I and my companions are upon.” (Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr, in Tirmidhi and Mishkat)
This hadith has several key insights:
First, by using the term “my Ummah” here, he is referring to the general Muslim population, not necessarily his true Ummah.
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Second, “Bani Isra’il” refers not just to ancient Israelites, but to the Judeo-Christian civilization, the foundation of modern Western civilization. Jesus (A.S.) himself was born into a Jewish family and had only Jewish disciples. His teachings were intended to restore the religion of Moses (A.S.) after it was corrupted—not to create a new religion.
Thus, when the Prophet (S.A.W.) warned that his Ummah would imitate the Bani Isra’il, he meant the Muslim world would blindly follow Western (Judeo-Christian) systems and fall into inferiority.
Today, if we look at the people generally regarded as the Ummah of Muhammad, we find that their political, economic, legal, and educational institutions are modeled after the West, with Allah’s Deen removed from all of it. This is the exact opposite of the purpose for which the Ummah of Muhammad was created. So, calling this imitation-oriented nation the “Ummah of Muhammad” is both false and laughable.
Third, the Prophet (S.A.W.) said that all the sects except one will be cast into Hell. Naturally so—because unity is essential for any successful mission. Allah commands in the Qur'an: “Hold firmly to the rope of Allah all together and do not become divided.” (Surah Aal-Imran: 103)
He also said: “Disputing over the meaning of verses is disbelief.” And: “Even if a black slave with a mutilated ear becomes your leader, obey him and stay united.”
The Qur’an and Hadith contain countless instructions on maintaining unity. Those who break that unity into seventy-three sects—where else would they go if not the Fire?
Fourth, the one saved sect is the one doing the exact same work that the Prophet (S.A.W.) and his companions did. Anyone who has read their biographies must admit that the Prophet and his companions spent their entire lives establishing Allah’s final system on Earth to ensure peace and justice.
After the Prophet's death, his companions continued this mission wholeheartedly for 60 to 70 years. And as soon as they passed away, the organized struggle to establish the Deen faded. From that moment onward, the true “Ummah of Muhammad” ceased to exist as a united nation.
This is why the Prophet (S.A.W.) didn’t just say, “Those who follow my Sunnah,” but rather, “Those who follow what I and my companions are upon.” He even said: “The lifespan of my Ummah will be 60 to 70 years.”
Today, people think they have become the true Ummah of Muhammad by wearing Arab clothes, building lavish mosques, reclining on the right side, eating salt before meals and sweets after, wearing ankle-length garments, and chanting dhikr loudly in groups.
Meanwhile, this same nation is dishonored, oppressed, and displaced; living helplessly on the streets of Europe, engaged in internal conflict and division; indifferent to whether the world is in peace or chaos. Living selfishly, they fool themselves into believing they are the Ummah of Muhammad. In reality, they are neither true Muslims nor the true Ummah of Muhammad.
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